A ≈ 5 min di distanzaCremlino- Distanza
- 300 m

Residents adapt to sudden security closures for state parades by cutting through the adjacent GUM arcade rather than crossing the open stones.
Italian fortress builders urged the clearance of surrounding settlements along the eastern Kremlin battlements to secure an unobstructed defensive shooting field. The cleared expanse became the city marketplace known as Torg, bordered by a wide limestone moat linking the local waterways. Royal gates and wooden trade stalls lined the perimeter before permanent stone arcades replaced the earlier trading posts.
Architectural landmarks define the plaza edge, from Saint Basil's Cathedral beside the former moat to the Upper Trading Rows now operating as the GUM department store. The brick platform at Lobnoye Mesto hosted imperial edicts and state proclamations, while the broad stone pavement accommodated military parades, public demonstrations, and official state ceremonies through successive governments.
A devastating fire previously gave the space the name Pozhar before chroniclers recorded its Krasnaya title. Engineers later paved over the defensive moat, creating a unified esplanade beside Lenin's Mausoleum and the State Historical Museum. Canvas works by Vasily Surikov documented this shifting civic core, which now holds recognition as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
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